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   晋太宗宣武帝实录21 (第1/2页)

    陈牧:寡人欲知,国之存亡所系何哉?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,国之所以存者,得道也;所以亡者,理塞也。故得生道者,虽小必大;有亡征者,虽成必败。国之亡也,大不足恃;道之行也,小不可轻。故存在得道,不在于小;亡在失道,不在于大。故乱国之主,务于广地,而不务于仁义;务于高位,而不务于道德。是舍其所以存,而造其所以亡也。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

    chenmu:Iwanttoknowwhatmattersabouttheriseandfallofanation,Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ithink,Thenationthrivesbecauseitupholdsjustice,Thereasonwhythecountryisgoingtoperishisbecauseitisnolongerjust,Insistonjustice,evenifthecountryissmall,itwillbecomestrong,Withoutupholdingjustice,evenifthecountryisstrong,itwilldecline,Theriseandfallofacountrydoesnotdependonitssize,butwhetheritupholdsjustice,Thefaintingkingwasbusyexpandinghisterritoryratherthanpromotingbenevolence,Theyarebusyfightingforpowerinsteadofcultivatingtheirvirtues,Theygaveupjusticeandchosedeath。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Iacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:太祖吏政尚严切,尚书决事,率近于重,吾欲革之,然孝子不改父之道,寡人当如何处之,先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,先王之政,赏不僣,刑不滥。与其不得已,宁僣无滥。往者断狱严明,所以威惩jianian佞,时势然也,jianian佞既平,必宜济之以宽。大王即位,率由此义,而有司未悉奉承,犹尚深刻。夫为政犹张琴瑟,大弦急者小弦绝。大王宜隆先王之道,荡涤烦苛之法,轻薄棰楚以济群生,全广至德以奉天心,苟利于民,何不革之,显荣祖宗,此乃大孝也。

    陈牧:先生之言甚善,寡人谨受教。

    chenmu:Thefirstemperorruledthecountryverystrictly,Theministeralsohandledgovernmentaffairsharshly,Iwanttochangethissituation,butIamafraidthatitisnotfilialpiety,WhatamIgoingtodo?Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ithink,TheHolyKinggovernsthecountry,anddoesnotindiscriminatelyrewardorpunish,Itisbettertochoosearewardthantopunishindiscriminately,Previously,thelawwasharshbecauseitpunishedevil,Nowthattheworldhassettleddown,thelawshouldbeslightlymorerelaxed,Sinceyoubecameking,youhaveaskedforthis,Buttheministerdidnotdowhatyouaskedfor,anditwasstillharsh,Governingacountryislikeplayingthestrings,Ifthestringsaretootightandurgent,itwillbreak,YoushouldfollowtheexampleoftheHolyKingingoverningthecountry,

    Adjustharshlawsandreducepenaltiestomakepeoplecomfortable,Itisnecessarytocomplywiththewillofthepeople,Ifitisgoodforthepeople,whycan‘titbechanged?Itisgreatfilialpietytomaketheancestorsreceiverespectandremembrance。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:今朴政守孤城,力竭而退,寡人当如何处之?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,其以单兵守孤城,当契丹万余之众,连月逾年,心力困尽,凿山为井,煮靴为粮,前后杀伤北蛮数以千计,卒全忠勇,不为大晋耻,且契丹亦退,宜蒙显爵,以厉将帅。

    陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

    chenmu:NowPiaozhengdefendedtheisolatedcity,andeventuallyretreatedbecauseoflackofstrength,HowshouldIhandlethis?Sirtaughtme。

    xiaofan:Ithink,Hedefendedthecitywithveryfewtroopsandresistedmorethan10,000Khitansoldiersformorethanayear,Theyusedupalltheirenergyandstrengthandkilledthousandsofenemiesintheabsenceofwaterandfood,Hisloyaltyandbraverydidnotinsultthecountry,Moreover,theKhitanalsoretreated,Youshouldgivehimapromotiontomotivatethewholearmy。

    chenmu:Sirisright,Irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

    陈牧:寡人以俭治天下,然奢侈成风,何也?先生教我。

    萧凡:臣以为,改政移风,必有其本。吴王好剑客,百姓
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